Hydrogen-rich water inhibits glucose and α,β -dicarbonyl compound-induced reactive oxygen species production in the SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rat kidney

Abstract

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by α,β-dicarbonyl compounds and advanced glycation end products causes renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) increases the H2 level in blood and tissues, thus reducing oxidative stress in animals as well as humans. In this study, we investigated the effects of HRW on glucose- and α,β-dicarbonyl compound-induced ROS generation in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Kidney homogenates from Wistar rats were incubated in vitro with glucose and α,β-dicarbonyl compounds containing HRW, following which ROS levels were measured. In vivo animal models of metabolic syndrome, SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rats, were treated with HRW for 16 weeks, following which renal ROS production and plasma and renal α,β-dicarbonyl compound levels were measured by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer. Results: HRW inhibited glucose- and α,β-dicarbonyl compound-induced ROS production in kidney homogenates from Wistar rats in vitro. Furthermore, SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rats treated with HRW showed a 34% decrease in ROS production. Moreover, their renal glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone levels decreased by 81%, 77%, and 60%, respectively. Positive correlations were found between renal ROS levels and renal glyoxal (r = 0.659, p = 0.008) and methylglyoxal (r = 0.782, p = 0.001) levels. Conclusion: These results indicate that HRW inhibits the production of α,β-dicarbonyl compounds and ROS in the kidneys of SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rats. Therefore, it has therapeutic potential for renal dysfunction in patient with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Study details

Article type

Original Research

Disease / injury model

Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (SHR.Cg-Leprcp/NDmcr rat model)

Duration

16 weeks

Dose comparison

Different concentrations of glucose (1, 10, 100 mM) and α,β-dicarbonyl compounds (2, 20, 200 μM) were compared for their ability to induce ROS, and the effect of HRW was tested against these concentrations.

Dose-dependent effect

Yes

Outcome

Positive

Findings

Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) inhibited glucose- and α,β-dicarbonyl compound-induced ROS production in vitro and in vivo, significantly reducing renal ROS and α,β-dicarbonyl compound levels in a rat model of metabolic syndrome, suggesting therapeutic potential for renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.