Molecular hydrogen as a biological marker and a drug

Abstract

The aim of the review was to examine the main characteristics of hydrogen ion metabolism and its hemostatic function in the human body. For diagnostic purposes, molecular hydrogen (H2) is considered a biological marker. The results of the analysis of therapeutic programs for the clinical use of hydrogen are presented. The use of H2 as a drug in the treatment of more than 170 diseases is also discussed. Conclusion. The use of H2 in various fields of medicine, including oncological diseases, is actively studied based on experimental biological experiments and clinical trials.

Study details

Article type

Review

Disease / injury model

Multiple (review covers >170 diseases including cancer, respiratory, neurological, gastrointestinal, metabolic, autoimmune, and skin diseases)

Dose comparison

The review notes that hydrogen's effects are dose-dependent, with inhalation of <4% H2 showing antioxidant effects for about 2 hours, and highlights the risk of explosion above 4%. It also discusses the need for individualized dosing and combination of inhalation and oral routes.

Dose-dependent effect

Yes

Outcome

Positive

Findings

Molecular hydrogen is highlighted as a safe and effective therapeutic agent with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory properties, used in the treatment of over 170 diseases, including respiratory, neurological, gastrointestinal, and oncological conditions. It is also established as a biological marker for diagnostic purposes, especially in gastroenterology and acid-base balance assessment. The article emphasizes the absence of adverse effects in clinical use and discusses the need for further research on its mechanisms and personalized therapy.